Ngawo-1980, ngokuwohloka kwegagasi le-post-modernism, ifilosofi ebizwa ngokuthi i-deconstruction philosophy, enamathisela ukubaluleka kumuntu ngamunye kanye nezingxenye ngokwazo futhi ephikisana nobunye obuphelele, yaqala ukuqashelwa futhi yamukelwe abanye ososayensi nabaklami, futhi umthelela omkhulu emphakathini wokuklama ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwavela emazwini e-constructivism.I-deconstructivism kanye ne-constructivism inokufana okuthile ezintweni ezibonakalayo.Bobabili bazama ukugcizelela izici zesakhiwo sokuklama.Kodwa-ke, i-constructivism igcizelela ubuqotho kanye nobunye besakhiwo, futhi izingxenye ngazinye zisebenzela isakhiwo sonke;I-Deconstructionism, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibamba ukuthi izingxenye ngazinye ngokwazo zibalulekile, ngakho-ke ukutadisha komuntu ngamunye kubaluleke kakhulu kuneso sonke isakhiwo.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kuwukugxeka nokuphika izimiso nokuhleleka kwe-orthodox.Ukwakhiwa kabusha akugcini nje ngokulahla i-constructivism eyingxenye ebalulekile yesimanjemanje, kodwa futhi inselele izimiso zakudala zobuhle ezifana nokuvumelana, ubunye nokuphelela.Mayelana nalokhu, ukwakhiwa kabusha kanye nesitayela se-Baroque e-Italy ngesikhathi sokuguquka kwekhulu le-16 nele-17 kunezinzuzo ezifanayo.I-Baroque ibonakala ngokuphula izimiso zobuciko bakudala, njengokuzithoba, ukuchazwa nokulinganisela, nokugcizelela noma ukwenza ihaba izingxenye zezakhiwo.
Ukuhlolwa kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo njengesitayela sokuklama kwaphakama ngawo-1980, kodwa umsuka wako ungalandelelwa emuva ku-1967 lapho uJacques Derride (1930), isazi sefilosofi, ebeka phambili inkolelo-mbono "yokwakhiwa kabusha" esekelwe ekugxekeni kwesakhiwo sezilimi.Umnyombo wethiyori yakhe ukunengeka kwesakhiwo ngokwaso.Ukholelwa ukuthi uphawu ngokwalo lungabonakalisa iqiniso, futhi ukutadisha komuntu ngamunye kubaluleke kakhulu kunokutadisha isakhiwo sonke.Ekuhloleni ngokumelene nesitayela samazwe ngamazwe, abanye abaklami bakholelwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kabusha kuyinkolelo entsha enobuntu obuqinile, obusetshenziswe emikhakheni ehlukene yokuklama, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo.
Izibalo ezimele umklamo olimazayo zihlanganisa u-Frank Gehry (1947), u-Bernard tschumi (1944 -), njll. Ngawo-1980, u-Qu Mi waduma ngeqembu lemiklamo ebomvu yohlaka olubomvu e-Paris Villette Park.Leli qembu lamafreyimu lakhiwe amaphuzu azimele nangahlobene, imigqa nezindawo, futhi izingxenye zalo eziyisisekelo ziyi-10m × 10m × I-cube engu-10m ixhunywe nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene ukuze zenze amakamelo etiye, izakhiwo zokubuka, amagumbi okungcebeleka nezinye izinsiza, ukuphula ngokuphelele umqondo izingadi bendabuko.
U-Gary uthathwa njengomdwebi onethonya elikhulu wokwakha kabusha, ikakhulukazi i-Bilbao Guggenheim Museum eSpain, ayiqeda ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990.Umklamo wakhe ubonisa ukunganaki kwakho konke kanye nokukhathazeka kwezingxenye.Indlela yokuklama ka-Gehry ibonakala iwukuhlahlela sonke isakhiwo abese esihlanganisa kabusha ukuze sakhe imodeli yesikhala engaphelele, ehlukene.Lolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa lukhiqize uhlobo olusha, oluningi kakhulu futhi oluyingqayizivele.Ihlukile kwabanye abaklami abalimazayo abagxile ekuhlelweni kabusha kwesakhiwo sefreyimu yesikhala, ukwakheka kukaGary kuthambekele kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni nasekwakheni kabusha amabhlogo.Imyuziyemu yakhe yase-Bilbao Guggenheim yakhiwe ngamabhulokhi ambalwa awugqinsi ashayisana namanye kanye ne-interlace, akha indawo ehlanekezelwe futhi enamandla.
UGary uthathwa njengomdwebi onethonya elikhulu wokwakhiwa kabusha, ikakhulukazi iGuggenheim Museum eseBilbao, eSpain, ayiqeda ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990.Umklamo wakhe ubonisa ukunganaki kwakho konke kanye nokukhathazeka kwezingxenye.Indlela yokuklama ka-Gehry ibonakala iwukuhlahlela sonke isakhiwo abese esihlanganisa kabusha ukuze sakhe imodeli yesikhala engaphelele, ehlukene.Lolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa lukhiqize uhlobo olusha, oluningi kakhulu futhi oluyingqayizivele.Ihlukile kwabanye abaklami abalimazayo abagxile ekuhlelweni kabusha kwesakhiwo sefreyimu yesikhala, ukwakheka kukaGary kuthambekele kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni nasekwakheni kabusha amabhlogo.Imyuziyemu yakhe yase-Bilbao Guggenheim yakhiwe ngamabhulokhi ambalwa awugqinsi ashayisana namanye kanye ne-interlace, akha indawo ehlanekezelwe futhi enamandla.
Ekwakhiweni kwezimboni, ukwakhiwa kabusha kunomthelela othile.U-Ingo Maurer (1932 -), umklami waseJalimane, waklama isibani esilengayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Boca Misseria, "esakha" i-porcelain yaba umthunzi wesibani ngokusekelwe kufilimu ehamba kancane yokuqhuma kwe-porcelain.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha akuyona idizayini engahleliwe.Nakuba izakhiwo eziningi ezibhubhisayo zibonakala zingcolile, kufanele zicabangele ukuthi kungenzeka yini izici zesakhiwo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zezikhala zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.Ngalo mqondo, ukwakhiwa kabusha kungolunye uhlobo lwe-constructivism.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-29-2023